{"id":3645,"date":"2019-07-12T02:48:51","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T02:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mcctcarbide.com\/?p=3645"},"modified":"2020-05-06T03:39:02","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T03:39:02","slug":"machining-tolerances-of-shafthole-basic-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/gia-cong-dung-sai-cua-lo-truc-co-ban-he-thong\/","title":{"rendered":"Dung sai gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n tr\u1ee5c & l\u1ed7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, dung sai gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc danh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c.<\/p>

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i dung sai \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do nh\u01b0 l\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, xoay t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t trong ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n, v.v. l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt. Do \u0111\u00f3, dung sai (h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t) l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/p>

Xem x\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian qu\u00fd b\u00e1u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd chi ph\u00ed cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a hai t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1ed7.<\/p>

\"BURR<\/figure>

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p<\/h2>

Dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch trung gian gi\u1eefa hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, dung sai c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i sai l\u1ec7ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a thanh t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 0 \/ -0,15mm, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc 0 \/ -0,02mm v\u00ec ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p cho ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 s\u1ebd co l\u1ea1i 0,13mm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp theo. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1edfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, trong khi dung sai ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean dung sai gia c\u00f4ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc <\/strong><\/h2>

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Trong 0 \/ -0,15mm, Ngay 0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 ES) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u00f4n -0,15mm \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 EI), s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. <\/p>

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh danh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1ed7.<\/p>

\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p>

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>

\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>

Dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau \u0111\u00e2y,<\/p>

T = \u4e28 ES-EI<\/strong><\/p>

T\u1ea1i sao dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u00e2m l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, trong khi Tol. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. \u1ede m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, dung sai gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>

3 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c <\/strong><\/h2>
\"Ph\u00f9<\/figure>

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng. m\u1ed7i bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng dung sai c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c. N\u00f3i chung, nhi\u1ec5u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn v\u00e0 khe h\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo.<\/p>

Khi l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khe h\u1edf, v\u00f9ng dung sai c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u1ee5c. S\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft chung l\u1ecfng h\u01a1n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng H & S.<\/p>

Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec5u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng dung sai c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n tr\u1ee5c. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nh\u1eefng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>

Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>

Dung sai gia c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/strong> <\/h2>

Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, m\u1ee9c dung sai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 CNTT) M\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 CNTT t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau \u0111\u00e2y,<\/p>

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 dung sai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n i l\u1ea5y, l\u1ea5y micron l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb;<\/p>

D\u1ec5u Trung b\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Min. v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 milim\u00e9t.<\/p>

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f4i\u2264500mm <\/p>

i = 0,453<\/sup>\u221aD + 0,001D<\/p>

500mm K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f4i3150mm<\/p>

i = 0,004D + 2,1<\/p>

Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 sau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Tol.s kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi i, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 dung sai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qua \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>

\"Ti\u00eau<\/figure>

Nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y, dung sai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh IT01, IT0, IT1, .. v\u00e0 T18. c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a dung sai t\u0103ng theo.<\/p>

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee9c dung sai ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y. N\u00f3i chung, IT5 ~ IT13 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p chung, IT2 ~ IT5 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn si\u00eau ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, IT12 ~ IT18 cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 IT8 ~ IT14 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4.<\/p>

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, IT14-IT18 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng khi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1 mm. <\/p>

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 & tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn dung sai gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 CNTT trong dung sai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1edbp c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1ed7, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n v\u00f9ng dung sai c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 l\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Hx v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c 'l\u00e0 Nh\u1eabn hx L\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 dung sai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ba lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c & l\u1ed7.<\/p>

\"H\u1ec7<\/figure>
\"H\u1ec7<\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In mechanic engineering, machining tolerance refers to the amount of unplanned deviation between the nominal dimension and real dimension. All kinds of tolerances are affected by the presence of various reasons such as position error, incorrect relative rotation between workpiece and cutting tools, deformation caused by compression of cutting force, or even stress relief in…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19323,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cutting-tools-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/1_burrs-of-machining-tolerance.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3645\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}