{"id":21323,"date":"2022-08-15T11:56:17","date_gmt":"2022-08-15T03:56:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=21323"},"modified":"2022-08-15T11:56:21","modified_gmt":"2022-08-15T03:56:21","slug":"what-is-tensile-strength-of-metal-material-and-its-measuring-method","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/cai-gi-la-do-ben-keo-cua-kim-loai-vat-lieu-va-phuong-phap-do-cua-no\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ef1c c\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Trong kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00f4\u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng E v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y \u03c3 0,2. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o \u03c3 b. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i sau khi \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y \u03b4 V\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u03c8 Vv. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 e \u03c3 0,2 \u3001 \u03c3 s \u3001 \u03c3 b \u3001 \u03b4 \u3001 \u03c8 v.v. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/p>

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M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i, trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn. Khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u1eefa.<\/p>

T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ban \u0111\u1ea7u li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nguy\u00ean t\u1eed m\u1edbi. Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u sau khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo (H\u00ecnh 1).<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 1 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i sang v\u00f9ng d\u1ebbo. Nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 2, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng song song v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng 0,002 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft ng\u1eafn b\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y b\u1eb1ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 3. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 0 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sinh ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh.<\/p>

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m trong h\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng F trong h\u00ecnh.<\/a><\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 3 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/figcaption><\/figure>

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Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 4. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o, m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o t\u1eeb t\u1eeb, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1eef v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 4 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t<\/figcaption><\/figure>

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H\u00ecnh 4 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t<\/p>

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i qua bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo khi k\u00e9o, hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt-k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu v\u00e0 c\u00e1i sau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o. Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 5 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/figcaption><\/figure>

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H\u00ecnh 6 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>

C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea3y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; Th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong k\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea3y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea3y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee9ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>

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L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i?<\/h2>

Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo d\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3i chung, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo d\u01b0 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o l\u00e0m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf, trong khi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn khi ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 0,01%, 0,05%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,5% v\u00e0 1,0%.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 8 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/figcaption><\/figure>

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N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ec7ch. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 9 l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong nh\u00f4m kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/a><\/p>

Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n th\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. T\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y, t\u1ed5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1eabu h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng khi gia c\u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng kim lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 g\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i.<\/p>

Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, trong kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3, n\u01a1i x\u1ea3y ra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau, do \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>

Theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong k\u00e9o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, sau khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u01b0u bi\u1ebfn t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong t\u0103ng c\u1ee9ng. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng gia c\u00f4ng n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 d\u1ebbo quan tr\u1ecdng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/a><\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 10 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9ng trong bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo kim lo\u1ea1i<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Finally, let’s talk about the strain rate. Generally, the tensile curves of metal materials are obtained by testing at a lower strain rate. Only some special metal components need to test their mechanical properties under high strain rate, that is, the components with high-speed deformation. Under normal room temperature, the deformation of the material is mainly dislocation slip or twinning.<\/p>

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H\u00ecnh 11 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/a><\/p>

\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong k\u00e9o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o.<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tension is a simple mechanical property test. Within the test gauge distance, the stress is uniform, the measurement of stress, strain and performance indicators is stable, reliable and convenient for theoretical calculation. Through tensile test, the most basic mechanical property indexes in the process of elastic deformation, plastic deformation and fracture can be measured, such…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21333,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materials-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-11.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21323\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21333"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}