{"id":3971,"date":"2019-06-12T08:48:19","date_gmt":"2019-06-12T08:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=3971"},"modified":"2020-05-07T02:03:35","modified_gmt":"2020-05-07T02:03:35","slug":"what-is-cast-iron","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/what-is-cast-iron\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f6kme Demir Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Metal i\u015fleme end\u00fcstrisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7o\u011fu erkek i\u00e7in, D\u00f6kme demir bir t\u00fcr tan\u0131d\u0131k malzeme olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

D\u00f6kme demir nedir? Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, 2.11%'den fazla karbon ve az miktarda Si, Mn, S ve P i\u00e7eren bir \u00e7e\u015fit ferro-karbon ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>

D\u00f6kme demirin mekanik \u00f6zellikleri d\u00f6k\u00fcm \u00e7eli\u011finden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ancak m\u00fckemmel d\u00f6k\u00fclebilirlik, \u015fok emme, a\u015f\u0131nma direnci ve kesme i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi vard\u0131r. \u00dcretim s\u00fcreci basit ve maliyeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. M\u00fchendislikte en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan metal malzemelerden biridir.<\/p>

\"d\u00f6kme
tank 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>

D\u00f6kme Demirlerin S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

D\u00f6kme demirin yap\u0131s\u0131 esas olarak Fe ve Fe3C'dir. Karbon d\u00f6kme demirde esas olarak sementit ve grafit \u015feklinde bulunur. Bu nedenle, d\u00f6kme demirdeki farkl\u0131 karbon formlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, onu iki kategoriye ay\u0131rabiliriz:<\/p>

1 beyaz d\u00f6kme demir<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

C, sementit (Fe3C) formunda bulunur ve k\u0131r\u0131k beyazd\u0131r. Kesmek zor ve k\u0131r\u0131lgand\u0131r. Temelde \u00e7elik yap\u0131m hammaddeleri, y\u00fcksek a\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 par\u00e7alar (rulolar, pulluklar) olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/p>

2 gri d\u00f6kme demir<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Mevcut C formu grafittir (G) ve k\u0131r\u0131k y\u00fczeyi gri-siyaht\u0131r.<\/p>

Gri d\u00f6kme demir, en iyi d\u00f6k\u00fcm performans\u0131na sahip en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan d\u00f6kme demir malzemedir.<\/p>

Gri d\u00f6kme demir \u00fczerindeki grafit matrisi b\u00f6lebilir. Bu nedenle, grafitin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6kme demirin mekanik \u00f6zelliklerini azaltacak ve d\u00f6kme demirin d\u00f6v\u00fclememesine neden olacakt\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, grafitin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131ca d\u00f6kme demir d\u00f6k\u00fcm, \u015fok emme ve a\u015f\u0131nma direnci sa\u011flar.<\/p>

Gri d\u00f6kme demir \u00fczerindeki grafit matrisi b\u00f6lebilir. Bu nedenle, grafitin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6kme demirin mekanik \u00f6zelliklerini azaltacakt\u0131r, bu da d\u00f6kme demirin d\u00f6v\u00fclememesine yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, grafitin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6kme demir d\u00f6k\u00fcm, \u015fok emme ve a\u015f\u0131nma direnci de verir.<\/p>

D\u00f6kme Demirin Grafitlenmesi<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Karbon atomlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6kme demirden grafit olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere \u00e7\u00f6keltildi\u011fi i\u015fleme grafitizasyon denir. Bu grafitler s\u0131v\u0131lardan veya ostenitten \u00e7\u00f6keltilebilir veya sementitin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131yla elde edilebilir.<\/p>

\u00d6rne\u011fin, gri d\u00f6kme demir ve bilyal\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6kme demirdeki grafit \u00e7o\u011funlukla s\u0131v\u0131dan \u00e7\u00f6keltilir. D\u00f6v\u00fclebilir d\u00f6kme demirin grafiti, uzun tavlamadan sonra beyaz d\u00f6kme demirde sementitin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131yla elde edilir.<\/p>

Grafitizasyon yeterince yap\u0131labilirse. Gri d\u00f6kme demir, beyaz d\u00f6kme demir elde edilebilir. Tek kelimeyle, d\u00f6kme demirin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc grafitizasyon derecesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>

Grafitle\u015fmeyi Etkileyen Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

1. ala\u015f\u0131m elemanlar\u0131: C ve SI \u015fiddetle terfi, S \u015fiddetle engellenmi\u015f, Mn engelli, P zay\u0131f terfi.<\/p>

2.So\u011futma h\u0131z\u0131: Yava\u015f so\u011futma, grafitlemeye elveri\u015flidir. G \u015feklinde karbon \u00e7\u00f6keltileri. F'ye dayal\u0131 gri demir elde edilir. So\u011futma h\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 oldu\u011funda, C beyaz d\u00f6kme demir elde etmek i\u00e7in sementit olarak \u00e7\u00f6kelir.<\/p>

\"2\"<\/figure>

Gri D\u00f6kme Demir \u00c7e\u015fitleri ve \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Gri d\u00f6kme demirdeki grafitin morfolojisine g\u00f6re, onu b\u00f6lebiliriz:<\/p>

Gri d\u00f6kme demir: grafit pul<\/p>

D\u00f6v\u00fclebilir d\u00f6kme demir: grafit flok\u00fclenttir<\/p>

Sfero D\u00f6k\u00fcm: Grafit K\u00fcresel<\/p>

Vermik\u00fcler grafit d\u00f6kme demir: grafit vermik\u00fcler<\/p>

1. gri d\u00f6kme demir<\/strong><\/h3>

\u00d6zellikleri v\u00fccut yap\u0131s\u0131na ve grafit morfolojisine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7elik matris \u00fczerindeki grafit tabakan\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, matrisin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tahrip ederek gri d\u00f6kme demirin bas\u0131n\u00e7 mukavemetini \u00e7eli\u011fe benzer hale getirir. Bu nedenle, s\u0131radan gri d\u00f6kme demir, rulmanlar, tak\u0131m tezgah\u0131 g\u00f6vde ve benzeri gibi bas\u0131n\u00e7 y\u00fck\u00fc alt\u0131nda par\u00e7alar olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

\"pervane
\u56fe\u7247 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>

2. D\u00f6v\u00fclebilir d\u00f6kme demir<\/strong><\/h3>

D\u00f6kme demirden beyaz d\u00f6kme demire d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr ve daha sonra sementitin flok\u00fcl grafite ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta grafitleme ile tavlan\u0131r. Plastisitesi ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gri d\u00f6kme demirden daha iyi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hala d\u00f6v\u00fclememektedir.<\/p>

Mukavemeti, plastisitesi ve darbe toklu\u011fu nedeniyle karbon \u00e7eli\u011finin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>

3. Sfero D\u00f6k\u00fcm<\/strong><\/h3>

S\u00fcnek demir, \u00e7eli\u011fe benzer mekanik \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir ve d\u00f6kme \u00e7elik ve d\u00f6vme \u00e7elik yerine kullan\u0131labilir. Genellikle krank mili, biyel kolu, di\u015fli, mil vb.Gibi a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k gerilime sahip a\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 par\u00e7alar \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>

4. Vermik\u00fcler grafit d\u00f6kme demir<\/strong><\/h3>

Vermik\u00fcler grafit d\u00f6kme demir, erimi\u015f demire uygun miktarda vermik\u00fclerle\u015ftirici madde ilave edilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r. Metodu ve prosed\u00fcr\u00fc temelde bilyal\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6kme demir ile ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Grafit tabakas\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu nispeten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve grafit tabakas\u0131n\u0131n ucu nispeten k\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Solucan benzeri.<\/p>

Yeni tip y\u00fcksek mukavemetli d\u00f6kme demir malzemedir. G\u00fcc\u00fc, bilyal\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6kme demirin g\u00fcc\u00fcne yak\u0131nd\u0131r ve belirli bir toklu\u011fa ve y\u00fcksek a\u015f\u0131nma direncine sahiptir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, gri d\u00f6kme demir ile ayn\u0131 iyi d\u00f6k\u00fcm \u00f6zelliklerine ve termal iletkenli\u011fe sahiptir.<\/p>

\u015eimdi y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici, silindir ve i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorun kafas\u0131, silindir g\u00f6mle\u011fi, k\u00fcl\u00e7e kal\u0131b\u0131, hidrolik valf ve y\u00fcksek binalarda di\u011fer d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerde ba\u015far\u0131yla kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

\"giri\u015f<\/figure>

<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

For most guys working in the industry of metal machining, Cast iron must be a kind of familiar material. What is cast iron? First of all, it’s a sort of ferro-carbon alloy that contains more than 2.11% of carbon and small amounts of Si, Mn, S, and P. The mechanical properties of cast iron are…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3971","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materials-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/1-5.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3971","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3971"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3971\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3971"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3971"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}