{"id":19927,"date":"2020-07-06T01:14:59","date_gmt":"2020-07-06T01:14:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/?p=19927"},"modified":"2020-07-06T01:15:00","modified_gmt":"2020-07-06T01:15:00","slug":"features-of-various-traditional-machining-centres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/caratteristiche-di-vari-centri-di-lavorazione-tradizionali\/","title":{"rendered":"Caratteristiche di vari centri di lavoro tradizionali"},"content":{"rendered":"

A good mechanical process engineer must be a good processing equipment application engineer. He has a very accurate and full understanding of the types of processing equipment, processing scope, structural characteristics and processing accuracy of various processing equipment in the mechanical industry, and can also combine with his own In the specific situation of the company’s equipment, make reasonable equipment layout and arrangement for various processing parts and processing procedures, understand their processing advantages and disadvantages, and can make good use of their strengths and avoid weaknesses to coordinate the company’s mechanical processing work. Now, we will make a general analysis and understanding of several processing equipment commonly used in the mechanical processing industry, so that we can have a relatively clear and clear definition of the processing equipment in this industry from the perceptual point of view, and at the same time, we can also theoretically analyze various processing equipment In order to better combine practice in the future work, so as to further guide our work and help our work. Our introduction focuses on the most common machining equipment in the mechanical processing industry, such as turning, milling, planing, grinding, boring, drilling, wire cutting and other processing equipment, and makes a further detailed elaboration on the types, application scope, structural characteristics and processing accuracy of these processing equipment.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Tornio<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Tipi di tornio<\/strong><\/h3>

There are many types of lathes. According to the statistics of a machining technologist’s manual, there are 77 kinds of lathes. The typical types are: instrument lathe, single axis automatic lathe, multi axis automatic or semi-automatic lathe, return wheel or turret lathe, crankshaft and camshaft lathe, vertical lathe, falling lathe Among them, there are many kinds of small-sized lathes, such as ground and horizontal lathes, profiling and multi cutter lathes, axle roller spindles and shovel tooth lathes, etc., which are divided into many small types, and the vertical lathes and horizontal lathes are commonly used in our machinery industry, and they can be seen in almost all places where there is machining.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il gamma applicabile di lavorazione al tornio<\/strong><\/h3>

Scegliamo principalmente diversi tipi di torni tipici per introdurre la gamma di applicazioni della lavorazione.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il tornio orizzontale \u00e8 adatto per tornire superfici cilindriche interne ed esterne, superfici coniche, formare superfici rotanti e scanalature anulari, tornire sezioni trasversali e varie filettature e pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato per forare, alesare, alesare, maschiare, filettare e zigrinare. Sebbene il normale tornio orizzontale abbia un basso grado di automazione e pi\u00f9 tempo ausiliario nel processo di lavorazione, a causa della sua vasta gamma di lavorazioni e delle buone prestazioni generali, questo tipo di macchina utensile \u00e8 stato ampiamente utilizzato e reso popolare nell'industria della lavorazione meccanica. \u00c8 una delle tipiche apparecchiature di lavorazione rappresentative nella nostra industria dei macchinari ed \u00e8 anche indispensabile per l'industria di lavorazione meccanica Una delle apparecchiature di lavorazione.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il tornio verticale \u00e8 adatto per la lavorazione di vari tipi di parti di telaio e guscio, nonch\u00e9 di superfici cilindriche interne ed esterne, superfici coniche, facciate terminali, scanalature, taglio, foratura, espansione e alesatura di varie parti. Con l'ausilio di dispositivi aggiuntivi, pu\u00f2 inoltre realizzare le lavorazioni di tornitura di filetti, tornitura di frontali, copiatura, fresatura e rettifica.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Precisione di lavorazione del tornio<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

La precisione di lavorazione del solito tornio orizzontale \u00e8 la seguente: rotondit\u00e0: 0,015 mm; cilindricit\u00e0: 0,02\/150 mm; planarit\u00e0: 0,02 \/ \u00d7 150 mm; rugosit\u00e0 superficiale: 1,6 RA \/ \u03bc M.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

La precisione di lavorazione del tornio verticale \u00e8 la seguente: rotondit\u00e0: 0,02 mm; cilindricit\u00e0: 0,01 mm; planarit\u00e0: 0,03 mm. La precisione di lavorazione di cui sopra \u00e8 solo un valore di riferimento relativo, il che non significa che tutti i torni soddisfino i requisiti. Molte apparecchiature per tornio hanno una certa quantit\u00e0 di oscillazione su e gi\u00f9 in base alle esigenze specifiche del produttore e alle condizioni specifiche di assemblaggio. Tuttavia, indipendentemente dall'entit\u00e0 della quantit\u00e0 variabile, il valore di precisione di lavorazione deve soddisfare lo standard nazionale Se i requisiti di precisione di lavorazione di tali apparecchiature non soddisfano i requisiti delle norme nazionali al momento dell'acquisto dell'apparecchiatura, l'acquirente ha il diritto di rifiutare l'accettazione e pagamento.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

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Fresatrice<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Tipi di fresatrici<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

There are more than 70 kinds of milling machines according to the statistics of a machining technologist’s manual. The typical types are: instrument milling machine, cantilever and ram milling machine, gantry milling machine, plane milling machine, profiling milling machine, vertical lifting table milling machine, horizontal lifting table milling machine, bed milling machine and tools Milling machine, which is divided into many small categories, the number of different, and in our machinery industry is more commonly used vertical machining center and gantry machining center, almost where there are mechanical processing can see these two types of milling machine, we also for these two typical milling machine to do a general introduction and analysis.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il ambito di applicazione della fresatrice<\/strong><\/h3>

Because there are too many types and structures of milling machines, and the application of a wide range of differences, so we point to the most commonly used vertical machining center and gantry machining center two typical milling machine to do a processing range. A. Vertical machining center (as shown in the figure above). The vertical machining center is actually a vertical CNC milling machine with tool library. Its main feature is that it uses multi edge rotary cutter for cutting, and can process plane, groove, tooth splitting parts, spiral surface and various curved surfaces, especially with the CNC technology In addition to all kinds of milling operations, it can also drill, boring, reaming, tapping and other composite processing of workpiece, which has a very broad practical and universal significance. B. Gantry machining center, compared with vertical machining center, gantry machining center is a composite application of CNC gantry milling machine and tool magazine. In terms of processing range, gantry machining center has almost all the processing capacity of ordinary vertical machining center, and can adapt to larger size in the shape and size of parts Tool processing, at the same time in the processing efficiency and processing accuracy also has a very big advantage, especially the practical application of five axis linkage gantry machining center, its processing range has also been greatly improved, which has laid the foundation for the development of China’s manufacturing industry to high-end direction.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Precisione di lavorazione della fresatrice<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Centro di lavoro verticale: Planarit\u00e0: 0,025\/300 mm; ruvidit\u00e0: 1,6 RA \/ \u03bc M.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

2 \u03bc M \/ 0,025 \u03bc M \/ planarit\u00e0.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

La precisione di lavorazione di cui sopra \u00e8 solo un valore di riferimento relativo, il che non significa che tutte le fresatrici soddisfino i requisiti. Molte fresatrici hanno una certa quantit\u00e0 di oscillazione su e gi\u00f9 in base alle esigenze specifiche dei produttori e alle condizioni specifiche di assemblaggio. Tuttavia, indipendentemente dall'entit\u00e0 della quantit\u00e0 variabile, il valore di precisione di lavorazione deve soddisfare lo standard nazionale Se i requisiti di precisione di lavorazione di tali apparecchiature non soddisfano i requisiti delle norme nazionali al momento dell'acquisto dell'apparecchiatura, l'acquirente ha il diritto di rifiutare l'accettazione e pagamento.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

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Pialla<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Tipi di piallatrici<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Rispetto a torni e fresatrici, i tipi di piallatrici sono molto meno. Secondo le statistiche nel manuale dei tecnici di lavorazione, ci sono circa 21 tipi di piallatrici. Le tipologie tipiche sono: pialla a sbalzo, pialla a portale, sagomatrice, pialla per bordi e fustella. Queste categorie sono suddivise in molti piccoli tipi di prodotti pialla, e abbiamo il pi\u00f9 alto tasso di utilizzo nel settore dei macchinari, il pi\u00f9 popolare dovrebbe essere sagomatore e pialla, come mostrato nella figura sopra, faremo anche un'analisi di base e un'introduzione per questi due tipiche pialle.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il ambito di applicazione della pialla<\/strong><\/h3>

Il movimento di piallatura della pialla \u00e8 principalmente il ciclo e il movimento in linea retta rispetto al pezzo. Le caratteristiche delle parti di piallatura adatte alla piallatura sono piano, piano inclinato e superficie convessa concava e possono anche essere piallate varie superfici curve. Tuttavia, a causa dei limiti delle proprie caratteristiche di lavorazione, la velocit\u00e0 di piallatura non \u00e8 troppo elevata Inoltre, la pialla con corsa di ritorno non partecipa alla lavorazione dei pezzi, quindi provoca la perdita di corsa a vuoto e l'efficienza di lavorazione \u00e8 relativamente basso. Allo stesso tempo, con il grande miglioramento tecnico del CNC e l'automazione di altre apparecchiature di lavorazione, il metodo di lavorazione della piallatura \u00e8 stato gradualmente sostituito. Dal punto di vista di molte tendenze di aggiornamento delle attrezzature, questo tipo di macchina per la lavorazione non \u00e8 stato aggiornato e innovato in larga misura o rimane nella struttura e nel layout originali, in particolare il vigoroso sviluppo del centro di lavoro verticale e del centro di lavoro a portale, nonch\u00e9 il innovazione continua degli strumenti di lavorazione, che sostituisce notevolmente il vantaggio di lavorazione della pialla nella gamma di lavorazione, rendendo questo tipo di attrezzatura con un'efficienza di lavorazione relativamente bassa in una situazione molto imbarazzante.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Precisione di lavorazione della pialla<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Planing machining accuracy can generally reach the accuracy level of it10-it7, especially for the machining of long guide rail surface of some large machine tools, and even can replace grinding, which is the so-called “precision planing instead of fine grinding”.<\/strong>\"\"<\/strong><\/p>

Rettificatrice<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Tipi di rettificatrici<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Compared with the processing equipment of the previous models, there are more types of grinders. According to the statistics of a machinist’s manual, there are about 194 kinds of grinders, which can be divided into: instrument grinder, cylindrical grinder, internal grinder, grinder, coordinate grinder, guide grinder, cutter edge grinding machine Machine, surface and end grinder, crankshaft camshaft spline and roll grinder, tool grinder, superfinishing machine, internal honing machine, cylindrical and other honing machine, polishing machine, abrasive belt polishing and grinding machine. Tool edge grinding and grinding machine, indexable blade grinding machine, grinder, ball bearing ring groove grinder, roller bearing ring raceway grinder, bearing ring superfinishing machine, blade grinding machine, roller machining machine, ball machining machine, valve work There are many types of grinding machines, such as plug and piston ring grinding machines, automobile and tractor grinding machines, etc. because the classification and classification of grinders should be too wide, and many grinders are some specific equipment in specific industries, we would like to give a basic introduction to the grinding machines which are widely used in the machinery industry, In this article, we mainly choose cylindrical grinder and surface grinder to do a brief description.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

La gamma applicabile di rettificatrice<\/strong><\/h3>

La smerigliatrice cilindrica e la smerigliatrice cilindrica sono utilizzate principalmente per elaborare la superficie cilindrica, la superficie conica o la superficie esterna di altri corpi rotanti e facce dell'estremit\u00e0 della spalla. A causa della loro buona adattabilit\u00e0 alla lavorazione e precisione di lavorazione, sono ampiamente utilizzati nella lavorazione di alcune parti di alta precisione, in particolare nella finitura finale di queste parti. La procedura di lavoro \u00e8 ampiamente utilizzata, che non solo pu\u00f2 garantire la dimensione geometrica delle parti lavorate a la misura massima, ma anche ottenere migliori requisiti di finitura superficiale, quindi \u00e8 una delle attrezzature indispensabili nel processo di lavorazione.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

B. Surface grinder, which is mainly used to process plane, step surface, side surface and other parts surface, is also widely used in the mechanical industry, especially in the processing of some high-precision parts surface, grinding machine is almost the last choice to ensure the processing accuracy, and it is also because of this, the surface grinder’s Use is a required course for most grinding operators. Even in some equipment assembly industries, the use of surface grinder is also the standard skill of assembly personnel, because the grinding work of various adjustment pads in the assembly process depends on the surface grinder.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Precisione di lavorazione della smerigliatrice<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

La precisione di lavorazione della smerigliatrice cilindrica: rotondit\u00e0 e cilindricit\u00e0: 0,003 mm; rugosit\u00e0 superficiale: 0,32ra\/\u03bc MB La precisione di lavorazione della smerigliatrice di superficie: parallelismo: 0,01\/300 mm; rugosit\u00e0 superficiale: 0,8 RA \/ \u03bc M. Dalla precisione di elaborazione di cui sopra, possiamo anche vedere chiaramente che rispetto al precedente tornio, fresatrice, pialla e altre apparecchiature di lavorazione, la smerigliatrice pu\u00f2 ottenere una maggiore precisione di tolleranza del comportamento e rugosit\u00e0 superficiale, quindi nel processo di finitura di molte parti, la smerigliatrice \u00e8 ampiamente utilizzata.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

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Alesatrice<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Tipi di alesatrici<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Compared with the previous several types of processing equipment, boring machine also belongs to a relatively small number of processing equipment. According to the statistics of a machining technologist’s manual, there are about 23 kinds, which can be divided into the following categories: deep hole boring machine, coordinate boring machine, vertical boring machine, horizontal milling boring machine, precision boring machine, etc Automobile and tractor repair boring machine and so on, among which the most common and commonly used boring machine in our machinery industry should be flying coordinate boring machine, the following we also do a brief introduction and analysis of some characteristics of the coordinate boring machine.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il gamma applicabile di alesatrice<\/strong><\/h3>

There are various types of boring machines. We will give a brief introduction to the coordinate boring machine. You can learn other types of boring machine knowledge by analogy. The coordinate boring machine is a kind of precision machine tool with precise coordinate positioning device, which is mainly used for boring size, shape and position accuracy requirements High hole system can be used for drilling, reaming, reaming, end face cutting, milling, coordinate measurement, precision calibration and marking. It has a very wide and reliable processing characteristics. However, with the vigorous development of numerical control technology, especially the development of CNC vertical milling machine and CNC horizontal milling machine, boring machine, once the overlord of hole system processing equipment, is also in danger of being replaced gradually. Of course, it has an irreplaceable objective side, but no matter what the equipment is dying out or not Development, for the mechanical processing industry, is a kind of progress, is the progress of technology, but also the progress of our country’s manufacturing industry.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Precisione di lavorazione della macchina alesatrice<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

The hole diameter accuracy of coordinate boring machine is generally it6-7, and the surface roughness is 0.4-0.8ra\/\u03bc M. But the boring machine processing has a very bad place, especially in the processing of cast iron parts, it is called a dirty ah, a white faced boy walked in, a Zhang Fei Li Kui jumped out, there is a feeling that the boring machine is completely different, so based on the reality of such a processing link Because, the possibility that this kind of equipment will be replaced in the future is also increasing, because who doesn’t care about their appearance? As soon as possible, many people do not, but we also need to pretend that we have a lot of appearance.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

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trapano<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>

Tipi di perforatrici<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

This is the most widely used processing equipment in the machinery industry. If there is no such processing equipment, you are sorry to say that you are dry processing. According to the statistics of a machining technician’s manual, there are about 38 kinds of processing equipment, which can be classified into major categories It can be divided into the following types: coordinate boring drilling machine, deep hole drilling machine, radial drilling machine, bench drilling machine, vertical drilling machine, horizontal drilling machine, milling drilling machine, and central hole Drilling machine and so on, and we are most commonly used in the machinery industry is the radial drilling machine, but our mechanical processing industry standard, without this equipment, you basically can not do this industry, and because of this, we will focus on this kind of drilling machine.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Il ambito di applicazione della perforatrice<\/strong><\/h3>

We are mainly talking about the rocker arm drill. For this kind of machine tool, I have only one sentence here, that is, drilling various types of holes. In addition to drilling, it can also realize reaming, reaming, reaming, tapping and other processing procedures. However, there is a big problem, that is, the positioning accuracy of the hole system is not high, so that In order to some parts with high accuracy of hole system position, we usually don’t choose drilling machine.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Precisione di lavorazione del trapano<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

Perch\u00e9 fondamentalmente non c'\u00e8 precisione di lavorazione di cui parlare, basta praticare un foro.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

Taglio a filo<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>

For this kind of processing equipment of wire cutting, I didn’t have a lot of accumulation in this respect, and I didn’t do a lot of homework. Therefore, it is limited in the scope of use in the machinery industry, but it also has its unique existence value, especially for some special-shaped zero There are still some relative advantages in the cutting and processing of parts, but in view of its low processing efficiency and the vigorous development of laser machines, the WEDM processing equipment is gradually walking on the edge of the eliminated industry. In fact, my company has a large number of WEDM equipment, but because it belongs to the blanking process, the attention paid to this kind of equipment is not high. My overall impression is that it is “dirty, slow and annoying”. Many operators are not willing to operate this kind of equipment, especially with various numerical control With the vigorous application of equipment and the gradual maturity of automation technology, the advantages of this kind of equipment have been a little bit “gone”. Of course, it will continue to exist in a certain period of time and within a certain range. This is certainly a necessity, but I also believe that the value of its existence will become smaller and smaller. Personally, I’m happy to see the demise of this device, because it has no advantages in terms of processing efficiency or working environment<\/strong>.<\/p><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A good mechanical process engineer must be a good processing equipment application engineer. He has a very accurate and full understanding of the types of processing equipment, processing scope, structural characteristics and processing accuracy of various processing equipment in the mechanical industry, and can also combine with his own In the specific situation of the…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19931,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cutting-tools-weekly"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/\u56fe\u72478.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19927"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19927\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19931"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meetyoucarbide.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}