????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? 1965 ??? ??? ??, 40 ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???, ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? 25 ???? ?? ????? 0.01 ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ????-?? ?????????????? ?? ????-?? ????? ?????????????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??, ?? ??? ???????-????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? (SEM) ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? (?????) ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????, ??? ???????, ????????, ???? ???????, ???????? ??????????, ???????, ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???

??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? (?????) ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????, ???????? ??????, ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? (SEM) ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???

???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ????? ????????

???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??

?????? 1 ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ????

???????? ?????????? ???????????? (SEM) ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???, ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? 5 ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????????????????? ???? ?? ???, ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??, ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????, ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??: ???????? ??????????, ???-?????????? ??????????, ?????? ??????????, ????-??, ??? ??????????, ???????????????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??, ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??, ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??, ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???, ???????? ?????????? ????????????? (SEM) ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????-??-????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??, ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????

???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ??????

???????? ?????????? ????????????? (SEM) ????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????????????? ????? ?? ????-?? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? 2dsin (= () ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ????-?? ??? 2 () ?? ???-??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??, ????? ????-?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????????????? ????-?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???, ?? ????-?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? N1 ?? ????? ??????? ?????? n2 ??? ??????????? ???? ??, ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? (=(n1-(n2)? ????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??? , ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???, ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???

?????????????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ?? ????? ?? ???????????? ???? ?? ???? ???, ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????

??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????

??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????

????? 1 ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? SEM ????? ???????

??? ????? ??-???? ????? ??? (?????? ?????? 400 ??, ??? ?? 45%) ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? 1 ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??, ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??, ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????

?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???

?????? 2 SEM ?????? AZ31 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????

It can be clearly seen from Fig. 2 that the size of the second phase Mg17Al12 after fragmentation is about 4 m, and there are many dispersed small particles near the “bulk” Mg17Al12 with the size of about 0.5 m. This is the second phase Mg17Al12 precipitated from the supersaturated solid solution of a-Mg base during the cooling process after hot rolling, showing the fineness of this morphological distribution. Biphasic Mg17Al12 can effectively inhibit dislocation movement, improve material strength and play the role of dispersion strengthening, but will not significantly reduce the plasticity of AZ31 magnesium alloy.

??????? ??????? ?? ??????

????? 3 Mg/Al ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? [1]

?????? 3 Mg/Al ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??, ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???, ???? ??????? ?? ??, ?? ???? ???, ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????, ???????? ??, ???? ??? Mg ?? Al ???? ??, ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ????? Mg ?? Al ???? ???? ?????? ????

??????? ???????? ?? ??????

(?) ??-?????  

 (??) ??? ?????

?????? 4 AZ31 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????

???-????? AZ31 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? SEM ???????? ??????? ?? ????? 3-6 ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? 4 (?) ??, ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ???, ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ??? ????-???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??-????? AZ31 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? Mg17Al12 ??, ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? AZ31 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? 4 (??) ??? ?????? ??? ??, AZ31 ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? 5 ?? 20 ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???

????? ???????

????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? (SEM) ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??, ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???, ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????